Review sheet for Vertebrate test:

 

 

1. Be able to list the three categories (classes) of living fishes and give an example of each.  Which have opercula?  Which have swim bladders?

 

 

 

2. For fish, explain:

 

1. Structure of heart.
2. What is a single loop system?
3. Advantage of ammonia-based urinary system.
4. Function of swim bladder.

 

 

3. For amphibians:

 

1. Provide an example
2. How many chambers in an amphibian heart?
3. How do they breath?
4. Why must they always return to water?

 

 

4. What is a reptile?

 

1. Explain three ways they are adapted to life on land.
2. What is the amniotic egg?
3. What is the advantage of uric acid based waste system?
4. Give an example of a reptile.
5. What is the structure of the reptile heart?
6. What is a double-loop system?

 

5. Aves/ For birds,

1. What is the structure of a birds heart?
2. What are the key characteristics of birds?

 

6. General terms:

 

1. What is the function of a kidney?
2. What is the function of a liver?
3. What is the function of a stomach?
4. What is the function of a heart?
5. What is endothermic/exothermic?
6. Which groups are endothermic?  Exothermic?