a.

mosses

b.

ferns

c.

liverworts

d.

hornworts

e.

nonvascular plants

a.

a gamete-producing plant.

b.

haploid.

c.

the plant produced by the fusion of gametes.

d.

the dominant generation in the higher plants.

e.

both a gamete-producing plant and haploid.

a.

were the first plants not to have swimming sperm and were therefore freed from the need for water to reproduce.

b.

are divided into two groups, the monocots and dicots.

c.

were the first plants to develop vascular tissues.

d.

were the first plants to develop flowers to attract insects.

a.

an angiosperm.

b.

a haploid plant body.

c.

a sporophyte.

d.

a living fossil.

e.

all of these

a.

bryophytes

b.

ferns

c.

red algae

d.

green algae

e.

brown algae

a.

An annual ring is composed of alternating rings of phloem and xylem.

b.

When a tree is girdled, it dies because its roots are deprived of food.

c.

There is no acceptable explanation for apical dominance because the growth patterns of plants vary.

d.

All plants have vascular tissue.

a.

mesophyll.

b.

cortex.

c.

xylem.

d.

epidermis.

e.

none of these

a.

aluminum

b.

boron

c.

magnesium

d.

nitrogen

e.

chlorine

a.

hydrogen bonding

b.

the drying power of air

c.

cohesion-tension

d.

stoma

e.

all of these

a.

is exerted on a continuous column of water throughout the plant.

b.

is the result of the polar nature of water molecules.

c.

results in the loss of over 90 percent of the water the plant absorbs.

d.

will exert a pull on water molecules lower down in the plant's vascular system.

e.

all of these

a.

be unable to carry on photosynthesis.

b.

be unable to carry on transpiration.

c.

lose water and wilt.

d.

stop growing and turn yellow.

a.

Transpiration creates a tension on water columns in a plant.

b.

Transpiration is the loss of water from a plant in a gaseous form.

c.

Water enters a root because of an osmotic gradient.

d.

Most of the transpiration in a plant occurs through the cuticle.

e.

Molecules of water exhibit cohesion resulting from hydrogen bonding of water molecules.

a.

composed of a stigma, a style, and an ovary.

b.

the mature male gametophyte.

c.

the site where microspores are produced.

d.

part of the vegetative phase of an angiosperm.

e.

none of these

a.

sepals

b.

petals

c.

anthers

d.

carpels

e.

stamens

a.

ovules.

b.

stamens.

c.

microspores.

d.

female gametophytes.

e.

none of these

a.

diploid.

b.

tetraploid.

c.

polyploid.

d.

triploid.

e.

haploid.

a.

parthenogenesis

b.

pollination

c.

runner formation

d.

cloning and tissue culture

e.

all of these

a.

abscisic acid.

b.

auxin.

c.

gibberellin.

d.

ethylene.

e.

none of these

a.

auxin

b.

gibberellin

c.

cytokinin

d.

abscisic acid

e.

ethylene

a.

duration of flowering in a plant.

b.

amount of light needed by a plant to exhibit normal growth.

c.

response of a plant to the duration of light and darkness.

d.

light phase of photosynthesis during which photolysis of water occurs.

a.

ferns

b.

liverworts

c.

mosses

d.

hornworts

a.

ferns

b.

conifers

c.

dicots

d.

ginkgos

e.

monocots